高考英语的问题
"One of the reason I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," say Lindson-Hawly, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.
By studying about 700 adult smoker, she found out that her mom quit the right way-by stopping abruptly and completely.
In her study, participants were randomly(随机地)assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine(尼古丁)patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.
Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it-more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.
And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they'd rather cut down gradually before quitting. "If you're training for a marathon, you wouldn't expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, 'Well, if I gradually reduce, it's like practice.' "says Lindsons-Hawley. But that wasn't the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings(瘾)and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. "Regardless of your stated preference, if you're ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective,” says Dr. Gabrieia Ferreira, "When you can quote a specific number like a fifith of the patients were able to quit, that's compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it,” Ferreira says.
这篇文章说的是什么，是突然戒烟好还是逐步戒烟好？
牛津大学烟草与健康研究员Lindson-Hawly说：“我觉得这个话题很有意思的原因之一是因为我妈妈在我小的时候吸烟。”
通过对700名成年吸烟者的研究，她发现她的妈妈突然停下来，完全停止了正确的方式。
在她的研究中，参与者被随机分为两组。在某一天，一个人不得不突然离开，从一天一包到零。另一个在两周内逐渐下降。两组人在戒烟前都使用尼古丁贴片，除了尼古丁替代品的第二种形式，如口香糖或喷雾剂。在戒烟前和结束后，他们还与护士进行谈话治疗。
六个月后，突然戒烟的人数增加了，其中超过五分之一的人坚持戒烟，而另一组中只有七分之一的人坚持戒烟。尽管这些数字看起来很低，但远高于没有支持的人。
鉴于在研究开始之前，大多数人曾说过他们宁愿在辞职前逐渐降低，戒烟率尤其令人信服。如果你正在参加马拉松训练，你就不会期望能跑出来，并且能够跑完马拉松。我认为人们也看到了吸烟。他们认为，‘嗯，如果我逐渐减少，就像练习。’Lindsons Hawley说。但事实并非如此。这种逐渐减少的症状，不是给人们锻炼，而是在他们达到戒烟日之前给他们带来渴望和戒断症状，这也许就是为什么那个群体中真正做到这一点的人更少的原因。”不管你声称的偏好如何，如果你准备戒烟，那么突然戒烟更有效，”Gabrieia Ferreira博士说，“当你可以引用一个特定的数字，比如五分之一的病人能够戒烟，这是很有说服力的。我认为，这给了他们鼓励，真正去争取它。”费雷拉说。
真是个大问题